inflation is a process of rising prices in general and continuous (continuous)associated with market mechanisms that can be caused by various factors, amongothers, private consumption increased, excess liquidity in the marketplace that triggered the consumption or even speculation, to include also launch due to lack ofdistribution of goods.
In other words, inflation is also a process of decline incurrency values are continuous. Inflation is the process of an event, not the high-lowprice level. This means high price level which is considered not necessarily indicateinflation.
Inflation is an indicator to see the level changes, and is considered to occur ifthe price increase took place continuously and mutually influence-influence. The terminflation is also used to mean increased supply of money that are sometimes seen as a cause of rising prices. There are many ways to measure the rate of inflation, two of the most frequently used are the CPI and GDP Deflator.
Inflation can be classified into four groups, namely inflation is mild, moderate, severe,and hyperinflation. Mild inflation occurs when prices are below the 10% a year,inflation was between 10% -30% a year; weight between 30% -100% a year; andhyperinflation or uncontrollable inflation occurs when prices are above 100% a year.
Inflation can be caused by two things, namely the pull of demand (excess liquidity / money / currency) and the second is the pressure (pressure) production and / or distribution (lack of production (product or service) and / or also include a lack of distribution).
[citation needed] For the first cause is more affected than the state's role in monetary policy (Central Bank), while for the second reason is more affected than the state's role in the policy executor in this case held by the Government (Government) as fiscal (taxation / charges / incentives / disincentives), infrastructure development policies, regulations, etc..
Demand pull inflation (Ingg: demand pull inflation) due to the excessive total demand which is usually triggered by a flood of liquidity in the market resulting in high demand and trigger a change in the price level. Increasing the volume of medium of exchange or liquidity associated with demand for goods and services resulted in increased demand for factors of production. Increased demand for production factors that then causes the production factor price increases. So, inflation is due to an increase in total demand as the economy in question in a full employment situation dimanana usually caused by stimulation of the excessive volume of market liquidity. The flood of liquidity in the market also caused by many factors other than the main course, the central bank's ability to regulate the circulation of money, central bank interest rate policy, to the action of speculation that occurred in the financial industry sector.
Cost push inflation (Ingg: cost push inflation) due to the scarcity of production and / or also include the scarcity of distribution, although demand generally no changes are increased significantly. The existence of non-launch flow or reduced production of these distributions are available from the average normal demand could trigger a price increase in accordance with the enactment of the law of demand-supply, or also due to the formation of a new position that the economic value of these products due to the pattern or distribution of the new scale. Decreased production itself can occur due to various things such as technical problems at the source of production (factories, plantations, etc.), natural disasters, weather, or the scarcity of raw materials to produce page, action speculation (hoarding), etc., thus triggering the production of scarcity relevant in the market. So did the same thing can happen to the distribution, which in this case the infrastructure factor plays a very important role.
Increased production costs due to 2 things, namelyrising prices, such as raw materials and rising wages / salaries, for example, civil servants salary increase would result in private efforts to raise the prices of goods.
1. Inflation is mild (less than 10% / year)
2. Inflation is moderate (between 10% to 30% / year)
3. Inflation weight (between 30% to 100% / year)
4. Hyperinflation (more than 100% / year)
5. Measuring inflation
Inflation is measured by calculating the percentage change in the level of change in aprice index. The price index of them:
The consumer price index (CPI) or the consumer price index (CPI), is an index whichmeasures the average price of certain goods purchased by consumers.
Cost of living index or cost-of-living index (COLI).
The producer price index is an index which measures the average price of goods thatrequired manufacturers to conduct production process. IHP is often used to predictfuture CPI level because of changes in raw material prices increase production costs,which then increases the price of consumer goods.
Commodity price index is an index which measures the prices of certaincommodities.
Price index of capital goods
GDP deflator shows the change of price of all new goods, locally produced goods,finished goods, and services.
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